In gear shaping, the feed per stroke is a critical parameter that directly influences cutting efficiency, tool wear, and surface quality. The feed per stroke refers to the radial or axial advancement of the cutter into the workpiece during each reciprocating stroke of the shaping machine. This parameter is typically measured in millimeters per stroke (mm/stroke) and must be carefully selected based on material hardness, gear module, and desired finish.

A higher feed per stroke increases material removal rate but may cause excessive tool stress, vibration, and poor surface roughness. Conversely, a lower feed improves surface finish and extends cutter life but reduces productivity. For medium-carbon steel gears with a module of 2–4 mm, a typical feed range is 0.05 to 0.15 mm/stroke. For hardened materials (above HRC 40), feeds should be reduced to 0.02–0.08 mm/stroke to prevent chipping.

The feed per stroke also interacts with cutting speed and stroke length. Increasing stroke length requires lower feed to maintain stability. Modern CNC gear shapers allow adaptive feed control, optimizing feed per stroke in real-time based on cutting force feedback.

To select optimal parameters, consider: 1) workpiece material and hardness, 2) gear tooth count and helix angle, 3) coolant type and flow, and 4) desired tolerance class. A common starting point for general-purpose shaping is 0.08 mm/stroke for roughing and 0.03 mm/stroke for finishing passes.

Regular monitoring of tool wear patterns helps fine-tune feed per stroke. Excessive flank wear or built-up edge indicates the need for feed reduction. By balancing feed per stroke with other parameters, manufacturers achieve consistent gear quality and extended tool life.